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 Biomechanics:
A common cause of pain in the foot it is a result of movement, shoe wear, technique errors while exercises or underlying pathologies in other regions of the body. An experienced clinician will be able to identify the cause of your pain and guide you through the rehabilitation in order to return to normal daily function and achieve your goals.  

Ankle sprain
Lateral ankle sprain is the most common athletic related sprain that is caused by a forceful inward rotation of the ankle. Depending on the severity of the injury several structures are affected. It is often associated with pain and swelling on the outside of the foot and can result to instability due to underlying disruption of the ligament and muscle function.  An ankle sprain can also present on the inside of the foot and it is due to forceful rotation of the ankle joint outwards. The damage is usually in the structures of opposite the direction of rotation. An experienced clinician will perform a thorough examination and will make use of different modalities and exercises in order to help you return to function and achieve your goals. 

Chronic Ankle Instability: Is a condition causing recurrent pain and swelling in the foot due to underlying instability. The may be present for years and is usually aggravated with more intense activity. A physiotherapist will be able to provide you with the correct exercises in order to reduce pain and swelling in the area and improve your function. 

Nerve entrapment
Symptoms like numbness, tingling, shooting pain, weakness or general disruption of normal sensitivity are usually associated with an affected nerve. Disruption of a nerve can be regional or it can refer from other regions in the body. Depending on the nature appropriate management will be discussed with your assigned clinician.  Some of them are listed below: 

Morton’s neuroma: Is a condition caused by irritation of a nerve in between the toes resulting to tingling or burning sensations and if left untreated may result in disabling pain. 

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome: It is a condition resulting into burning or stabbing sensations or tingling at the inside of the foot as well as loss of sensation. It may be of multifactorial origin and it is usually aggravated with activity.  Physiotherapy in combination with other appropriate treatments may be required depending on the primary cause of pain. 

Foot Drop: It is a condition that results into the inability to lift the foot and can be caused due to a disruption of a spinal nerve, a peripheral nerve in the leg or due to other reasons. Depending on the cause of symptoms physiotherapy may be able to help you manage symptoms and improve function. 

Tendonitis/Tendinopathy  
Disabling pain during activity followed by swelling are usually causes of a tendon problem. These may arise due to overload or compensation. Tendon-related problems in the foot are common and physiotherapy can help you regain full function and return to previous level of activities.  Some common tendon problems in the foot are: 

Tibialis posterior tendinopathy: The location of pain is across the inside of the foot and it is worse with activities like walking and heel raises. If left untreated it may be a result of flat foot as it is one of the tendons responsible for maintaining the arch of the foot. 

Peroneal tendinopathy: The location of pain is at the outside of the foot and it is provoked with moving the foot out and upwards. It may be accompanied with instability of the foot. 

Plantar Fasciitis: Is a condition resulting into sharp pain underneath at the heel. The pain is usually stabbing with the first steps especially in the morning. Plantar fascia pain can become extremely aggravated and can restrict activities of daily life. Your expert clinician will use different modalities and will guide you through the rehabilitation in order to return to previous level of activities. 

Medial Tibial stress syndrome (Shin splints): It is a sharp pain experienced at the front of the lower leg over the shins and it is present while or after exercising. Palpation aggravates the pain. There are several reasons for the cause of this pain. Physiotherapy can identify the causes and help you manage your symptoms and return to activity.

Posterior Impingement syndrome:
This pain syndrome refers to the impingement of structures at the back of your foot while the foot is pointing downwards. It may be a result of specific activities that load the foot into the above mentioned position or can be secondary due to an injury. 

Calf, shin & Achilles:
Medial Tibial Stress syndrome (Shin splints):
This type of pain syndrome presents with pain along the shin and it is aggravated with activity especially if there is a recent history in increase of training. The pain will be present especially after training or the next morning. The reason for this pain syndrome can be multifactorial including muscular imbalances, footwear, training, anatomical differences in the affected leg. Your expert physiotherapist will be able to guide you in the rehabilitation of this condition and will aim at prevention of future events.

Muscle strains:
The muscles at the back of your lower leg are more vulnerable to acute strains or tendinopathies. Acute strains will normally present with acute sharp pain with a sudden movement or while training. It may also present with swelling and bruising. Your expert physiotherapist will be able to identify the cause and nature of your pain and make use of different treatment modalities to help you return to your previous levels of activities. 

Achilles Tendinopathy:
Your calf muscles connect to the back of your foot through a very strong tendon called the “Achilles”. A tendinopathy it is an irritation of the tendons and normally presents with stiffness and pain that is relieved with warming up and re-appears while training. The tendon pain is particularly worse in the morning and eases as the day goes on. Your expert physiotherapist will be able to identify the cause of your symptoms and make use of different treatment modalities to help you return to your previous level of activity.

Bursitis:
The term bursitis is used in medicine to describe an irritation and inflammation of a bursa (Balloon like structure responsible for reducing friction between body structures). This inflammation can be a result of excessive mechanical irritation due to specific activities or sports. It will normally result in swelling and pain on palpation on the affected structure as well as mechanical compression with specific testing. Two main bursas that are normally affected  in the achilles region are retrocalcaneal bursa and superficial calcaneal bursa. Your expert physiotherapist will be able to make this diagnosis and guide you through the rehabilitation and return to normal pain free daily activities. 

Sever’s disease:
Adolescence insertional apophysitis where the tendon insertion of the bone is pulling the unossified bone away from its attachment on the bone